Reaming tool



April 24, 1928.

R. R. DAVIS REAMING TOOL Filed March 28, SL924 [/Vl E/VTOE Pober/ E Dav/Is.

.fi TQENEY Patented Apr. 24,1928, V

UNITED STATES "1,666,926- .f-PATENT OFFICE. I f

' ROBERT E. DAVIS, on ST. LOUIS, MISSOURLLASSQIGNOR, BY MESN Annnns Ann ems-HALF 'ro JOHN D. YOUNG,

ONE-HALF TO GEORGE G,

ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI Application filed Match This invention relates generally to metalworking tools and, more particularly, to a certain new and useful improvementv in metal-working tools of the type or class com monly. known as reamers,

, My present invention has for its chief object the provision of an efficient t0o10f the type or class stated which, briefly,-comprises a bar or stock and a series or plurality of cutting-blades or cutters so 'co-operatively constructed and disposed that upon a lengthwise shifting ofthe cutters longitudinally or lengthwiseof the bar or stock, the cuttingedges of .the several cutters" shall, with rigidity, accuracy, and precision,'be located radially ofthe bar or stock at the desired or selected working position. My present invention also has for an ob-. j-ect the provision in a tool of thetype stated of simple, positive means for individually locking the several cutters rigidly to the bar or stock against radial while, at the same time, permitting lengthwise movement of the cutters relatively to their cutting edges radially of the bar or stock. a

My present invention has for a still further object the provisionin a tool of the type stated of cutters and W gaging relation for locking the several cutters together for uniform, simultaneous lengthwise movement and against individual lengthwise displacement relatively to the bar or stock. My presentinventionhas for a further object the provision in a tool ofthe type stated of compact, readily manipulated means for effecting a simultaneous lengthwise shifting of the several cutters relatively to the bar or stock to effectively dispose their cutting edges radially of thebar. or stock for working operations. v My present invention has for an additional object the simplification of' the'tool shown and described. in application filed by me under date of October 29, 1923, and serially numbered 671,472, erally upon tools of the class stated.

view, my present invention resides in the 1 novel features of form,

wa ren-lent, and. combination of parts hafeim of thetool, which is steel bar or rod of displacement metrically reduced thereby annularly the bar or stock for adjustably locating 'poses of description, and

shifting or adjusting means constructed and adapted'for 1nteren base or lower, wall Ismooth,'.but beveled towards ure 1; and, for purposes also shortly appearing, the opposite sidewalls ofeach slot 4 are lengthwise adjacent bottom or base wall'5,-preferablyarcuately cut away or recessed, Fitting, snugly in siotse for movement both. lengthwise and and the improvement gen And with the above and: other objects in" construction, arf' ASSIGNMENTS, or Born or REAMING rooL'.

2a," .1924. fiscrial no. 702,534.

tool; Figure 5 is an enlarged fragment-a1 sect-ionof the body of the reamer; Fig. '6 iskan' enlarged transverse section of one of thecutters taken approximately on the line 6-6, Figure 7 and Figure 7 isan enlarged elevational view of one of the cutters.

Referring now more in detail and by ref- .erence'cha'ractersto the drawing, which illustrates a preferred embodiment of my invention, 1 designates the main body or stock preferably a cylindrical suitable dimensions diashouldered, as at 2, and

intermediate its ends and view partly in elevation and i formed or provided longitudinally with a suitably elongated shank 3 for attachment to the machine for rotarily actuating the tool, as will be well understood. For purwith' reference to the. tool as shown in Figure lower, "ends of the toolas there shown will be, respectively, designated the rear and forward ends of the tool. i I o Suitably formed lengthwise in, and opening to the peripheral face of, bar 1,'is an annular series ofcutter-accommodating slots 4, each of which preferably also opens at one end tothe forward end of the tool, at which ,e'ndnthe slots 4 are ofconsiderable depth relatively 'to the diameter of the bar 1. At their opposite or rear end, the slots 5 are relatively shallow in depth and imately upon the peripheral face of 'the shank 3 to the rear of the shoulder 2, the 5 ofeach slot 4: being to incline upwardly and frearwardly from the forward end of bar 1 the shank 3, all as bestseen in Figas at 6. g I the several respective 1, the upper and open approxthe inclined plane 105 ioo ,lf'ea'l" end and upon one radially of body or bar 1, are suitable cut ting blades or cutters 7, each of which is in the form of an approximately oblong rectangularvsection. 0r vblock of suitable steel whose outer corner 8 forms the working or cutting edge or lip of the cutter or blade. Each cutter or blade 7, as seen in Figure 1, is, in a manner corresponding to the shape or form of the slots 1-, of greater height or depth at its forward end than at its rear end, each blade or cutter 7 force-operation with the slots at being similarly formed or provided with a beveled base or under. face that in like degree inclines upwardly from the forward to [the rearward end of the blade, and at wl'ii'ch beveled face the blade is adapted to rest directly upon, and thereby positively, firmlv, and rigidly bear against, the bottom inclined wall 5 of its accommodating slot not only throughout any of its adjustmentsrelatively to bar 1, but also in the actual learning or other operations in which the tool in use and practice may be employed. Adjacent its beveled underface, each cutter or blade 7 is formed with preferably'a series of transverse apertures, in

which are loosely disposed or seated relatively small cylindrical steel sections or members 9 rounded at theirends.

hers 9 are disposed'for plane of the'blade 7, as seen in Figure 1, but each thereof is of such dimensions or length relatively to the thickness of the blade and to the radius of the slot-wall recesses 5 to project or protrude at their rounded ends laterally beyond the planes of the opposite side faces of the blade and snuglyinto the slot recesses or seats 5, as also seenin Figure 4;. Tee sections or members 9 thereby engage the opposite side walls of the accommodating slot l for its respective blade or cut ter 7 and. while freely permitting lengthwise shifting or adjusting movement in the slot 4: of the blade to selectively locate the The sections or memthe most part in the cutting edge 8 radially of the bar 1, as hereinafter more fully appears, yet positively and rigidly retain the blade from otherwise outward lateral movement or displacement relatively to the bar 1. Thus, in a simple, yet eflici'ent manner, the several blades or cutters 7 are individually locked and retaine'd against radial displacement in the respective slots 4 of the bar 1. Adjacent its side face, each cutter orblade 7 is provided or formed transversely with :1 preferably rectangular channel or groove 1'0 as best seen in Figures 1, 2, and

4-, for purposes shortly to appear.

At a suitable distance rearwardly from the shoulder 2, the shank 3 is threaded, as at 11, and formed longitudinally in shank 3 and to some extent, as seen in Figure 1, interrupting the threads 11, is a groove or channel 11 Sleeved over and upon the shank 3 and having engagement with the threads and that in such of the cutters 7 partly internally threaded, as at 13, and

preferably hexagonal in surface form at its rearwardend, :as at 14, for turning engagement by a wrench, or other adjusting tool (not shown).

The member 12 is also partly externally threaded as at 15; and bored and counterbored to fit both upon the shank 3 and the member 12, is a so-called collet or blade locking inei'nber 16, which, at its counter-bored portion, isinternally threaded, as at 17, for engao'ement with the external threads 15 of member 12, the counter-boring of member 16 providing an annular internal shoulder or stop, as at 18, for purposes shortly appearing. It may be here stated that, relatively to the shank 3, the engagingthreads'll and 13 between the barrel. 12 and shank 3 and theengaging-threads l5 and 17 between the collet l6 andbarrel 12 are oppositely disposed, in the present instance thethreads 11 and 13 between the barrel12 and shank 3 being left-hand, while the threads 15 and 17 between the barrel 12 and collet 16 being right-hand.

Formed radially through the collet or member 16 and opening to its forward end, is an annular series of so-called'substantially L-shaped end-slots 19, each of which at its openend or neck portion has a width ,substantially the same as that of the body-slots 4, In the slots 19 seat the rear ends of the several respective cutters or blades 7, as seen in Figuresl, 2, and l, operationand assembling the tool, the iuen'ibers 12 and 16 are tln'eaiiled into engaging relation with each other and both sleeved upon and the member 12 engaged with. theshank 3, and I may here state that norn'ially,as it may be said, the. forward end of collet 16 engages the bar-shoulder 2, threaded engagement between the barrel 12 and collet 16, or normally, the forward end of the barrel 12 is posed rearwardly at SllCl] distance from the internal shoulder or stop 18 of collet 16 as may in the particular tool be required forell'ecting the desired radial expansion relatively to the bar 1. In such disposition of the members 12 andlti upon the shank 3, the collet 16 is disposed with the reduced portions ornecks of its slots 19 in lengthwise aligmnent or 'regis tration with the body-slots 4:. The several cutters 7 with the locking-sections 9 are dis- "now endivise shifted rearwardly in the bodyslots l until their rearend portions are disposed in the slots 19 of the collet 16,,

and when'so disposed the cutter-channels 10 register with the portionsor so-called r Conseso disposed, the

and in use and '20 of the collet which form one repair of any one or allthereof.

- workin 0 aerations collet 16 is capable only of such rotary movelengthwise displacement mule bOClY-SlOtSfl and all, on an axial shifting of the collet 16 on shank 3, caused simultaneously and in unison inthe several slots 1 and relatively to body orbar 1; The collet 16 and the several cutters 7 being so locked together, a screw 21 is nowthreaded in the collet 16 to reside at its inner end in the longitudinal-shank-slot 11 and the collet 16 thereby releasably locked 7 against reverse rotary movement on the shank 3. Obviously, however, even when so lock-ed against i'otaryqnovement on the shank 3, the collet 16, and therewith the several"cut ters 7 are capable of movement, axially or longitudinally relatively to the bar. 1 and its shank 3. It will be understood that,'on removal of the lower end of the screw 21 from the, slot 11 the collet l6'inay be reversely rotated'on' shank 3 to'relea se theseveral cutters 7 to permit ready replacement or i The parts being so assembled and ward end of, the collet 16 engaging the barshoulder 2, theseveral cutters T are in their so-c'alled normal position or, in the position indicated by full lines in Figure 1, being forwardly projected in theirslots 4 and radially contracted relatively to the bar 1. As the barrel 12 is now rotarily moved to the right on the shank 3, the collet 16 will. be axially drawn rearwardly relatively to the bar '1, and the several cutters"? hence caused to lengthwise travel in unisonupwardly upon the inclined bottom walls 5 of their accommodating slots edges or lips 8 thereby correspondingly located at the desired or 1 and their cutting selected radially expan ed distance from the peripheral face of the bar 1 for-effective as indicated 3 by dotted lines in Figure 1, such "rearward movement I orv travel of the cutters and resulting radial expansion of their cutting edges being limited in the particular tool under the enaxial movement.

gage'ment in the rearward of collet 16 of its internalshoulder or'stop '18 with the forward end of the barrel 12.

Reversely, as the barrel 12 is rotarily moved to, the left on the, shank 3, the collet 16 will be axially {shifted forwardly on the and when so interengaged and locked it will be evident that'the several to lengthwise move radial location of their thefor shank 3 andrtherseveral cutters 7 caused to lengthwise in unisontravel downwardly upon'the inclinedbottom walls 5 of their acconn'nodating slots 1 and their cutting edges or lips 8 thereby correspondingly located at the desired or selected radially cons from the peripheral face, 7 I

effective; working opera- 1 tracted distance of the bar 1 for tions, such'forward movement or travel of the cutters and the resulting radial contraction oftheir cutting edges being limited in the particular tool under the e'ngagement in the forward ax1a-l movement of collet 3 of its forward end" with the bar-shoulder 2. Throughout such axial movement of the collet 16 onthe shank 3, it will be evident that the tongue ga'gement or relation between the cutters 7 and the collet 16 freely permits of sliding radially bothof movement of the cutters the" bar- 7 and collet Q16 in the selective cutting edges 8'.

I may state herethat the pitch of the engagingthreads 11 and 13 of-the barrel 12 and shank 3 is preferablydifi'erent from the pitch ofthe engaging threads 15 and 1 7 between thc barrel 12 and collet 16, thepitch of the threads 11 and 13 being preferably of such ratio relatively to the pitchof the threads 15 and 17 that relatively considerable axial movement of the collet'16 on the g p on each rotation of the y a barrel 12. I may add that inthe present 7 shank 3 is effected tool such ratio issuch that the collet 16 will move through a distance of app'roximately one-sixth of an inch on each rotation of the barrel 12;

preferably radially off center, only are the cutting edges? ofrthe cutters more sharply presented to thework in rota.- tions of the tool, but the production and're-. pairing of suchjcutting' edges upon-l the several cutters greatly facilitated, the cutters at the sametime andgwithout any increase of strain thereupon exerting greater cutting power upon the work. v I

My present tool embodies'relatively few parts and all its several parts may be readily manufactured and. assembled.

I The several cutters 7be1ngmounted and arranged, as

described, in connection vwith the bar 1 and collet 16, while conveniently lengthwise shiftable' for veffecting radial adjustment of their-cuttingedges 8 relatively to the bar 1, arefirmly and rigidly held in the working operations of the tool, the end thrust of the cutters in such operations being thrown di-' rectly upon the rigid end walls of the slots 19 of the collet 16, which construction results in the accomplishment by the use of my tool of working, Operations of the greatest exactness," accuracy, and precision. -And from use and operation, I: vmay add,the

and groove interlocking en- In the presenttool, will be noted; the severalfcutter accommodatingslots 4 are wherebynot present tool has been found exceedingly etlicient in reaming, facing, milling, and analogous operations.

l are aware that. changes in the form, construction, arrangement, and combination of the several parts of the tool may be made and substituted for thoseherein shown and described without departing from the nature movement upon the bar and having engagement with the cutters and an internally and externally threaded barrel also disposed iIU engagement with the cutters,

upon the bar and having threaded engagement with both the bar and the collet for shifting the collet and the cutters axially of the bar.

2. A reamer comprising a bar having an annular series of.radial slots opening upon its peripheral face and being externally threaded rearwardly of the slots, and cutters disposed in the slots for movement longitudinally of the bar, in combination with an internally threaded collet disposed for axial movement upon the bar and having engagement with the cutters, an internally and externally threaded barrel also disposed uponthe bar and having threaded engagement with both the bar and the collet for shiftingthe collet and the cutters axially of the bar, and means for limiting the collet and cutter shifting rotary movement of the barrel upon the bar.

3. A reamer comprising a bar having an annulanseries of slots opening upon its peripheral face and being externally threaded rcarwardly of the slots, the bottom wall of each of said slots being beveled to incline upwardly and rearwardly of the bar, and cutters disposed within said slots for move- 'ment longitudinally of the baix each of said. cutters having a correspondingly beveled unoerface engaging with the beveled face of its slot, whereby a shiftin a of the cutters longitudinally of the l .r is adapted to effect an adjustment of the cutting edges of the cutters radially of the bar, in combination with an internally threaded collet disposed for axial. n'lovement upon the bar and having an internally and externally threaded barrel also disposed upon the bar and having threaded engage ment with both the bar and the collet for shifting the collet and the cutters axially of the bar, an internal shoulder upon the collet for engagement with the barrel for of the slots, and cutters limiting the rearward collet and cutter shifting rotary movement of the barrel upon the bar, and a shoulder upon the bar for engagement. by the collet for limiting the forward collet and cutter shifting rotary movement of thebarrel upon the bar.

4. A ream'er comprising a bar having a plurality of longitudinal slots opening upon its peripheral face and cutters disposed within the slots, each of the cutters being provided at an end with a transverse groove, in combination with a holding collet disposed for rotary movement upon the bar and having a plurality of substantially L- shaped slots opening toan end thereof, the cutters having their grooved ends disposed in the slots of the collet and the cutters being adapted, on rotary movement of the collet upon the bar, for interenga 'ing looking relation at their grooves with the collet. 5. A rcamer comprising a bar having a ydnrality oflongitudinal slots opening upon its peripheral face and cutters disposed within the slots, each of the cuttersbeing provided at an end with transverse groove, in combination witha holdingcollet disposed for rotary movement upon the bar and having a plurality of substantially L- shaped slots opening to an end thereof, the cutters having their grooved ends disposed in the slots of the collet and the cutters be- ,ingadapted. on rotary movement of the collet upon the bar, for inter-engaging locking relation at their grooves with the collet, I

and means for locking the collet in rotated position upon the bar.

6. A reamer comprising a bar having a plurality of longitudinal slots opening upon its peripheral face and cutters disposed Within the slots, each of the cutters being provided at an end with a transverse groove, in combination with a holding collct disposed for rotary movement upon the bar and having a plurality ofsubstantially L-shaped slots opening to an'end thereof, the cutters having their grooved ends disposed, in the slots of the collet and the cutters being adapted, on rotary movement of the collet upon the bar, forinterengaging locking relation at their grooveswith the collet, and a screw having engagement with the collet and with the bar for locking the collet in rotated position upon the ba 7. A. reamer comprising a bar having'a radial slot opening upon its peripheral face, in combination with a cutter disposed for adjustable movement in the slot, the cutter having a transverse aperture adjacentits underface, and means including a member disposed in said aperture andhaving engagement with the bar for retaining the cutter against radial displacement both during adjustments and working operations thereof. v f

8i reamer comprising abar havinga rec radial slot opening upon its peripheral face, a wall of said slot being lengthwise recessed, in combination with a cutter disposed-for adjustable movement in the slot, thecutter having a series of transverse aperturesadjacent its underface, a series of members disposed in said apertures and thereby carried by and movable and means including with the cutter and having engagement with the bar at said recess for retaining the cutter against radial displacement both during adjustments and working cperat-ions there- In testimony whereof, have signed my name to this specification.

' I ROBERT'R. DAVIS. 

